international law
Transcript: Mohammad Reza Shah replaces father on the throne( father is exiled in Africa). 1941 He closely identified himself with the West(US) which was clashing with the Iranian,Muslim traditions. He attempted to modernize Iran in 1953. Why did the people hate the shah so much? The shah's regime involved changes within the Muslim traditions and ideologies which many citizens reacted strongly and negatively to. TIMELINE An example is the SAVAK( secret police) set fire in the Cinema Rex in August,1978,in Abadan. 400 people died in the Cinema. 1963 The Iranian Revolution 1978-1979 1964 The outcome of the Iranian Revolution was a positive one for Iran. Much persecution had ended and their ideologies,religious,and cultural traditions were preserved.It resulted in peace in Iran and a better government.The revolution transformed Iran from a monaracy to an Islamic Republic. In 1978,the shah turned to the United States for help and support .Iran had been pro America for quite a while,and Iran was important to America due to their history together and Iran's location. America said they would support him 100 percent. After the U.S thought about it some more they realized that the revolution was virtually unstoppable Therefore associating itself in the war and getting involved would be unwise for them. Nonetheless ,The U.S sent in some military troops anyway to help stabilize Iran. 1978 ( Sep 8th): Black Friday (the shah brings in tanks and military to break up a peaceful demonstrators and as a result, 88 people are dead. TIMELINE Why did the Iranian Revolution start? The shah relied on manipulation and fear to lead the people. He established a " secret police"( SAVAK) Iran was ruling off America's military and financial support. 1961 Khomeini is exiled to Tehran and doesn't return to Iran for 14 years. The Savak spied on people and reported back to the shah The Shah proposes" White Revolution". This is a six point reform bill to be put to a nations wide vote.However,Khomeini denounces the Shah's plans and the shah exiles him and put him under surveillance in Tehran. Where America stands in the War • 1979 (Jan 16th): Shah leaves the country. It officially started in 1978 with the first major demonstration to overthrow the Shah.In December of 1979, The Revolution finally concluded with the Shah removed as a ruler of Iran with the approval of the new theocratic constitution.Ayatollah Khomeini took the place of the Shah with the approval of Iran. How and Where? How was it a proxy war? He wanted to change -the banning of alcohol -banning of tobacco -banning of movies -gambling foreign dresses -veil for woman -punishments Husian Borujerdi(religious leader)dies and Khomeini takes his place.Published a book called Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom,which played a key role in the revolution and its victory. • 1979 (Dec 2nd): The New Constitution of Iran is approved with a 98% vote. The Iranian revolution was a proxy war in the sense that the Shah used the secret police to deal directly with the people in Iran. - 1978 (January): Hassan Ali Mansur (Prime Minister of Iran) is assassinated and Amir Abbas Hoveyda takes the place. -1978 ( Jan 7th): In a news paper called “Black and Red Imperialism”, was an article written about Khomeini proposing he was homosexual. -1978 ( Jan 9th): A demonstration of 4000 people against the article resulted in the death of many students. -1978 ( Feb 18th): Another protest against the Shah erupted in Tabriz. Around 100 people were killed. - 1978 ( March 29th): Another demonstration in Yazd. More protestors are killed. - 1978 ( August 12th): More protestors are killed in Isfahan. - 1978 ( Aug 19th): Cinema Rex fire. • 1978 (Aug 27th): Jafar Sharif-Emami is Prime Minister and changes are made to the Shah’s policies (no gambling). Inaya Hamadani Iranian Revolution The hostage crisis: In Nov 1979,Iranian revolutions seized the U.S embassy in Tehran and took the employees hostage.They young men held the employees captive for 444 days. This event is significant because it changed the way America viewed Iran.They were now seen in a negative light,and it shocked U.S as they were now brought into a world of Islamic fundamentalism.Ever since the event,Iran and the U.S have been bitter adversaries. Iran and Americas Bond Broken. Angry students and religious leaders in Qom,Iran,demonstrated against a false story attacking Khomeini( the man helping overthrowing the Shah) in the official press. The army was sent in, and killed many of the students. The Iranian Revolution is considered the 3rd greatest revolution in history. On February 9th,1979,millions of Iranians came on to the streets of Teheran to welcome the return of the religious leader Ayatollah.He helped overthrow the much hated regime of the Shah. It was one of the largest demonstrations in human history. The Iranian Revolution began when many Iranian's and citizens within Iran were very dissatisfied with the ruler ship of the Iranian King,Mohammad Reza Shah